Independent auditors’ report

To KION GROUP AG, Frankfurt am Main / Germany

Report on the audit of the consolidated financial statements and the combined management report

Audit opinions

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of KION GROUP AG, Frankfurt am Main/Germany, and its subsidiaries (the Group) which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at 31 December 2019, and the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of changes in equity and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the financial year from 1 January to 31 December 2019, and the notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. In addition, we have audited the combined management report for the parent and the group of KION GROUP AG, Frankfurt am Main/Germany, for the financial year from 1 January to 31 December 2019. In accordance with the German legal requirements, we have not audited the content of the consolidated corporate governance statement pursuant to Sections 289f, 315d German Commercial Code (HGB) included in the combined management report.

In our opinion, on the basis of the knowledge obtained in the audit,

• the accompanying consolidated financial statements comply, in all material respects, with the IFRSs, as adopted by the EU, and the additional requirements of German commercial law pursuant to Section 315e (1) German Commercial Code (HGB) and, in compliance with these requirements, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, and financial position of the Group as at 31 December 2018, and of its financial performance for the financial year from 1 January to 31 December 2019, and
• the accompanying combined management report as a whole provides an appropriate view of the Group’s position. In all material respects, this combined management report is consistent with the consolidated financial statements, complies with German legal requirements and appropriately presents the opportunities and risks of future development. Our audit opinion on the combined management report does not cover the content of the statement on corporate governance pursuant to Sections 289f and 315d German Commercial Code (HGB) included in the combined management report.

Pursuant to Section 322 (3) Sentence 1 German Commercial Code (HGB), we declare that our audit has not led to any reservations relating to the legal compliance of the consolidated financial statements and of the combined management report.

Basis for audit opinions

We conducted our audit of the consolidated financial statements and of the combined management report in accordance with Section 317 HGB and the EU Audit Regulation (No. 537/2014; referred to subsequently as ‘EU Audit Regulation’) and in compliance with German Generally Accepted Standards for Financial Statement Audits promulgated by the Institut der Wirtschaftsprüfer (IDW). Our responsibilities under those requirements and principles are further described in the ‘Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements and of the Combined Management Report’ section of our auditor’s report. We are independent of the group entities in accordance with the requirements of European law and German commercial and professional law, and we have fulfilled our other German professional responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. In addition, in accordance with Article 10 (2) point (f) of the EU Audit Regulation, we declare that we have not provided non-audit services prohibited under Article 5 (1) of the EU Audit Regulation. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinions on the consolidated financial statements and on the combined management report.

Key audit matters in the audit of the consolidated financial statements

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the consolidated financial statements for the financial year from 1 January to 31 December 2019. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole and in forming our audit opinion thereon; we do not provide a separate audit opinion on these matters.

In the following we present the key audit matters we have determined in the course of our audit:

1. Recoverability of the goodwill and brand names with indefinite useful life as recognised in the consolidated statement of financial position

2. Recognition of leases as regards sales

3. Realisation of revenue regarding the project business in the Supply Chain Solutions segment

Our presentation of these key audit matters has been structured as follows:

a) description (including reference to corresponding information in the consolidated financial statements)

b) auditor’s response

1. Recoverability of the goodwill and brand names with indefinite useful life as recognised in the consolidated statement of financial position

a. As at 31 December 2019, the carrying amount of the goodwill and brand names with indefinite useful life in the consolidated financial statements is mEUR 3,475.8 (25.3% of the Group’s total assets) and mEUR 939.3 (6.8% of the Group’s total assets), respectively. The goodwill and brand names with indefinite useful life are tested by the executive directors for impairment each year. This impairment test is conducted regardless of whether there are external or internal indicators for an impairment. The impairment test is conducted at the level of the operating entities, which represent the cash-generating units, by determining the corresponding realisable amount and comparing that realisable amount with the corresponding carrying value. The realisable amount is determined using the discounted cash flow method on the basis of KION GROUP AG’s budget consisting of the operative three-years plan (2020 budget and 2021 to 2022 medium-term budget) as well as of a projection concerning two further years, which is adjusted using assumptions about long-term growth rates. The result of this measurement highly depends on the executive directors’ estimation of the anticipated cash flows of the corresponding operating entity as well as the discount rate used (weighted average cost of capital – WACC) and, therefore, is subject to great uncertainty. Therefore and due to the underlying complexity of the valuation models applied, this matter was of particular significance in the scope of our audit.

For information provided by the Parent on the goodwill and brand names with indefinite useful life, please refer to notes [6] and [16] to the consolidated financial statements.

b. During our audit, we, among other things, obtained an understanding of the method applied in the impairment test, the budget process of KION as well as the definition of the cash-generating units and assessed the determination of the WACC. In this context, we considered the Group’s adherence to the budget process over the past years.

Regarding the impairment test, we examined the appropriateness of the expected future cash flows mainly by comparing the information with the operative budget (2020) approved by the supervisory board and with the medium-term budget (2021 to 2022) approved by the executive directors and by examining the key measurement assumptions and parameters for plausibility based on expectations about macroeconomic and industry-specific trends. As a significant portion of the value in use has been determined based on projected cash flows for the period following the five-year budget (period of perpetuity), we also examined in particular the sustained growth rate applied for the period of perpetuity based on industry-specific market expectations. With respect to the evaluation of the discount rate, we consulted internal valuation specialists, who convinced themselves of the appropriateness of the discount rate used based on market comparisons. Due to the great significance of the goodwill and the brand names with indefinite useful life in the consolidated financial statements, we finally conducted sensitivity analyses with regard to both the growth expectations of the future cash flows from the operating entities and the applied discount rate.

2. Recognition of leases as regards sales

a. To a great extent, KION uses leases as a sales instrument in the segment Industrial Trucks & Services. The corresponding agreements comprise contracts, under which the KION entities qualify as contract parties, and those, under which the lease object was sold to external finance partners. The following three contract types are primarily used:

• Single step lease: The lease object is directly leased to the consumer;
• Sale and leaseback sublease: The lease object is sold to a financial partner and subsequently leased back. At the same time, the lease object is also rented out under a sublease contract to the consumer.
• Indirect consumer financing: The (lease) object is sold to a finance partner, who rents it out to a consumer.

As at 31 December 2019, the carrying value of the receivables and assets under the lease agreements is mEUR 1,421.0 (10.3 per cent of total assets) and mEUR 1,994.1 (14.5 per cent of total assets), respectively.

Single-step leases are classified as finance leases or operating leases within the meaning of IFRS 16. For sale and lease back sublease contracts concluded until and including 31 December 2017, an asset and a lease liability is accounted for taking advantage of the right of continuance specified in IFRS 16. For sale and lease back sublease contracts concluded after 31 December 2017, the transaction is classified as a finance lease. Accordingly, a liability related to financial services is recognised in addition to an asset. In compliance with IFRS 15, the types of indirect consumer financing agreements have now been uniformly classified as leases within the meaning of IFRS 16.

Group-wide, consistent lease application shall ensure that the recognition, categorisation and classification of the various contract types according to the IFRS are complete and correct. The determination of the criteria and parameters in the application is subject to the executive directors’ judgement. The classification and entry routines of the lease application are updated, programmed and managed centrally in Germany while the contract input is performed locally in the operating or the Group’s own financial services entities.

Due to the high transaction volume in connection with the various contract types, any errors in this area may considerably affect the consolidated financial statements. For this reason, the assessment of the accounting for leases was of particular significance in the scope of our audit.

For information provided by the Parent on the accounting for leases, please refer to the notes [6], [17], [18], [21], [30], [31] and [35] to the consolidated financial statements.

b. As part of our audit, we first updated our understanding of the process including our understanding of the existing contract types as well as the company’s internal controls regarding leases.

In the light of our understanding of the organisational composition and the overall process, the audit on the one hand focused on the lease applications used and on the other hand on the completeness and accuracy of the data input in the individual component areas.

With respect to the lease applications used, we examined the appropriateness, implementation and, where required, effectiveness of certain IT controls in line with our audit strategy. As part of this examination, we consulted internal IT specialists.

In a next step, we obtained an understanding of whether the automated entry and classification routines used in the lease application comply with the relevant IFRS. To this end, we first examined the KION IFRS Accounting Manual, which represents the basis for routine programming, for conformity with the IFRS. In addition, we assessed whether the entry and classification routines have been appropriate. Therefore, we examined the agreements on the basis of judgemental selections or by applying sampling methods. However, we made sure that all contract types were subject to our examination. Based on the data inputs, we assessed for each selected contract whether the results of the lease application comply with the relevant IFRS.

We examined the data inputs made in the financial year in the individual component areas for accuracy directly in the operating entities on a sample basis in the form of mathematical and statistical methods and extrapolated any identified deviations to the corresponding basic population. In this context, apart from the accuracy, we audited the appropriate cut-off and completeness of the data inputs on the basis of the original contracts. Where required, we received confirmations of third parties to assess the completeness of the entered contracts.

3. Realisation of revenue regarding the project business in the Supply Chain Solutions segment

a. The revenue in the Supply Chain Solutions segment amounts to mEUR 2,376.1 in the financial year 2019 (prior year: mEUR 2,052.1). This accounts for 27.0 per cent (prior year: 25.7 per cent) of the Group’s total revenue.

A significant portion of the revenue generated in the Supply Chain Solutions segment (mEUR 1,780.2; prior year: mEUR 1,514.0) relates to the project business (74.9 per cent of the segment’s total revenue). Revenue for the project business-related customer contracts is recognised in line with the corresponding period unless there is an alternative possibility of use and right to the services already rendered. The revenue to be realised is determined based on the percentage of completion method. The percentage of completion is determined based on the proportion of the contract costs that have already been incurred to the total contract costs estimated as at the reporting date.

The revenue highly depends on estimations subject to the legal representatives’ judgement, in particular with regard to the total contract costs and the resulting percentage of completion. Also taking into account the high amount of revenue related to the project business in the consolidated financial statements, we considered this matter to be of particular significance in the scope of our audit.

For information on revenue realisation related to the project business in the Supply Chain Solutions segment, please refer to the notes [6] and [7] to the consolidated financial statements.

b. In the scope of our audit, we deepened our knowledge of the processes concerning the project business including our understanding of the corresponding internal controls of the Group. We examined the appropriateness of the internal controls’ design and implementation regarding the estimation of the percentage of completion and continued review of contract costs.

Considering this, we selected projects based on risk considerations. First, we assessed – based on the individual basis of the contracts – whether the projects meet the requirements for revenue recognition according to the percentage of completion method. Subsequently, we assessed the estimation made for the individual contracts. To this end, we examined the current cost reports and project calculations taking into account the customer contracts with respect to the percentage of completion of the selected projects. To this end, we additionally consulted the employees responsible for the relevant projects on matters such as the current project phase, any risks including fines and changes to original assumptions and requested explanations for unexpected project developments, which were compared with supplementary evidence. In addition, we have convinced ourselves, where required, of the project progress on site and have taken into account the adherence to the budget planning based on retrospective analyses of selected projects.

Other information

The executive directors and/or the supervisory board are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the following documents obtained up to the date of this auditor’s report:

• the corporate governance statement included in the combined management report
• the executive directors’ confirmation regarding the consolidated financial statements and the combined management report pursuant to Section 297 (2) sentence 4 and Section 315 (1) sentence 5 HGB, respectively, respectively
• all the remaining parts of the annual report, with the exception of the audited consolidated financial statements and combined management report and our auditor’s report.

In addition, the other information comprises the separate non-financial group report, which is expected to be published subsequently on KION GROUP AG’s website by 30 April 2020.

The executive directors and supervisory board are responsible for the declaration related to the German Corporate Governance Code in accordance with Section 161 German Stock Corporation Act (AktG), which is part of the corporate governance statement included in the combined management report. The supervisory board is responsible for the report of the supervisory board included in the annual report. In addition, the executive directors are responsible for the other information.

Our audit opinions on the consolidated financial statements and on the combined management report do not cover the other information, and consequently we do not express an audit opinion or any other form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, to consider whether the other information

• is materially inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements, with the combined management report or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or
• otherwise appears to be materially misstated.

Responsibilities of the legal representatives and the supervisory board for the consolidated financial statements and the combined management report

The executive directors are responsible for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements that comply, in all material respects, with IFRS as adopted by the EU and the additional requirements of German commercial law pursuant to Section 315e (1) HGB, and that the consolidated financial statements, in compliance with these requirements, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and financial performance of the Group. In addition, the executive directors are responsible for such internal control as they have determined necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the executive directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. They also have the responsibility for disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern. In addition, they are responsible for financial reporting based on the going concern basis of accounting unless there is an intention to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or there is no realistic alternative but to do so.

Furthermore, the executive directors are responsible for the preparation of the combined management report that as a whole provides an appropriate view of the Group’s position and is, in all material respects, consistent with the consolidated financial statements, complies with German legal requirements, and appropriately presents the opportunities and risks of future development. In addition, the executive directors are responsible for such arrangements and measures (systems) as they have considered necessary to enable the preparation of a combined management report that is in accordance with the applicable German legal requirements, and to be able to provide sufficient appropriate evidence for the assertions in the combined management report.

The supervisory board is responsible for overseeing the group’s financial reporting process for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and of the combined management report.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements and the combined management report

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and whether the combined management report as a whole provides an appropriate view of the Group’s position and, in all material respects, is consistent with the consolidated financial statements and the knowledge obtained in the audit, complies with the German legal requirements and appropriately presents the opportunities and risks of future development, as well as to issue an auditor’s report that includes our audit opinions on the consolidated financial statements and on the combined management report.

Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Section 317 German Commercial Code (HGB) and the EU Audit Regulation and in compliance with German Generally Accepted Standards for Financial Statement Audits promulgated by the Institut der Wirtschaftsprüfer (IDW) will always detect a material misstatement. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements and this combined management report.

We exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also

• identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements and of the combined management report, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinions. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal controls.
• obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit of the consolidated financial statements and of arrangements and measures relevant to the audit of the combined management report in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an audit opinion on the effectiveness of these systems.
• evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used by the executive directors and the reasonableness of estimates made by the executive directors and related disclosures.
• conclude on the appropriateness of the executive directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in the auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements and in the combined management report or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our respective audit opinions. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to be able to continue as a going concern.
• evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements present the underlying transactions and events in a manner that the consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and financial performance of the Group in compliance with IFRSs, as adopted by the EU, and with the additional requirements of German commercial law pursuant to Section 315e (1) German Commercial Code (HGB).
• obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Group to express audit opinions on the consolidated financial statements and on the combined management report. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinions.
• evaluate the consistency of the combined management report with the consolidated financial statements, its conformity with German law, and the view of the Group’s position it provides.
• perform audit procedures on the prospective information presented by the legal representatives in the group management report. On the basis of sufficient appropriate audit evidence we evaluate, in particular, the significant assumptions used by the executive directors as a basis for the prospective information, and evaluate the proper derivation of the prospective information from these assumptions. We do not express a separate audit opinion on the prospective information and on the assumptions used as a basis. There is a substantial unavoidable risk that future events will differ materially from the prospective information.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with the relevant independence requirements, and communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, the related safeguards.

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter.

Other legal and regulatory requirements

Other information pursuant to Article 10 EU Audit Regulation

We were elected as group auditor by the general meeting on 9 May 2019. We were engaged by the supervisory board on 14 May 2019 and 27 June/23 July 2019. We have been the group auditor of KION GROUP AG, Frankfurt am Main/Germany, which was named KION Holding 1 GmbH until 12 June 2013, without interruption since the financial year 2007. Since the financial year 2013, the Company has been a public interest entity within the meaning of Section 319a (1) Sentence 1 HGB.

We declare that the audit opinions expressed in this auditor’s report are consistent with the additional report to the audit committee pursuant to Article 11 of the EU Audit Regulation (long-form audit report).

German public auditor responsible for the engagement

The German Public Auditor responsible for the engagement is Kirsten Gräbner-Vogel.

Frankfurt am Main / Germany, 21 February 2020

Deloitte GmbH
Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft